U.S. targets India with forced labour tariff amid talks on trade pact

Six other nations, from Canada, Ecuador and ⁠the European Union to Indonesia, Mexico and Pakistan, have such prohibitions but face a lower tariff of 10% for failing to enforce them effectively. Ajay Srivastava, founder of ⁠Global ​Trade Research Initiative, said the finding could be challenged, as the USTR investigation was not about forced labour in Indian exports but whether India blocked imports tied to forced labour elsewhere.

The United States has proposed an additional tariff of 12.5% on imports from India, saying it is among 60 economies ‌that failed to curb imports made with forced labour, a step that threatens to complicate two-way trade talks underway in New Delhi.

The proposal by the U.S. Trade Representative's office came on the second of three days of talks between Indian trade officials and a ‌U.S. delegation led by Assistant USTR Brendan Lynch. India "has failed to impose and effectively enforce a forced labour import prohibition," the ‌office said in a 92-page report on Tuesday that called the South Asian nation's policies unreasonable and a burden on U.S. commerce.

"The failure of our most important trading partners to address the importation of goods made with forced labour is unacceptable," U.S. Trade Representative Jamieson Greer said. "This creates a dynamic ⁠where American ​workers are forced to compete globally ⁠on an unlevel playing field."

India's commerce ministry did not immediately respond to a request for comment. The proposal follows a Section 301 unfair trade practices investigation ⁠as the Trump administration seeks to rebuild emergency tariffs struck down by the Supreme Court in February.

It placed India among 54 economies ​that lack a forced-labour import prohibition and therefore face the higher proposed duty. Six other nations, from Canada, Ecuador and ⁠the European Union to Indonesia, Mexico and Pakistan, have such prohibitions but face a lower tariff of 10% for failing to enforce them effectively.

Ajay Srivastava, founder of ⁠Global ​Trade Research Initiative, said the finding could be challenged, as the USTR investigation was not about forced labour in Indian exports but whether India blocked imports tied to forced labour elsewhere. "The proposed tariffs are viewed as part of broader U.S. pressure ⁠tactics, and India should treat Section 301 actions and the India–U.S. bilateral trade agreement negotiations separately," he said.

An Indian government source ⁠had told Reuters that ⁠New Delhi planned to raise the issue of the Section 301 investigation with Lynch's team and seek tariff relief as part of the broader two-way trade deal. The USTR report also identified India ‌as an intermediary ‌in cotton supply chains linked to Chinese forced-labour inputs.