Albania's migration surges from 44 pc in 2007 to 52 pc in 2018: Study

The study showed economic motives were still the main factor, but less so, and that those mulling migration now prefer Germany and the U.S.

More than half of Albania's population would like to move to richer countries with better schooling, a study showed on Friday.

The study, led by Russell King of the University of Sussex and Albanian researcher Ilir Gedeshi, found that the country's potential migration had grown from 44 per cent in 2007 to 52 per cent in 2018.

Since Albania toppled communism in 1991, more than 1.4 million Albanians, nearly half the current population of the Balkan country, have emigrated mostly to neighbouring Italy and Greece and less to the Britain, Germany and the United States.

The study showed economic motives were still the main factor, but less so, and that those mulling migration now prefer Germany and the U.S.

Some 65,000 Albanians applied for asylum in Germany in 2015-16, with most of them rejected as it began welcoming Syrians fleeing war at home. Germany has since begun welcoming doctors and nurses, almost all new graduates.

As the global and economic crisis since 2008 hit the economies of Italy and Greece, home to about one million Albanians, remittances to Albania, a key to alleviating poverty, shrunk by one third and 133,544 migrants came back home.

"The unemployed, unskilled and uneducated were potential migrants earlier. Now the skilled, the educated with a job and good economic standing want to migrate," Gedeshi told Reuters.

"We also found out economic reasons mattered less because people now want to migrate for better education. A group also wants to leave because they see no future in Albania," he added.

Given the rising educational profile of potential migrants, the study recommended Albania sought agreements on "managed skilled migration, always bearing in mind the dangers of brain and skills drain".

"Efforts should also be made to improve and broaden the structure of employment and business opportunities in Albania so that fewer people are pessimistic about their future in Albania and see migration as the 'only way out'", it added. 

(With inputs from agencies.)