Rising Concerns Over 'Sloth Fever' Outbreak: A Mosquito-Borne Threat

Authorities are cautioning against 'sloth fever,' caused by the Oropouche virus and primarily transmitted by mosquitoes and biting midges. This virus, different from Zika and dengue, was first identified in 1955. Recent outbreaks in South America have led to fatalities and birth defects. There are no specific treatments available.

Sydney, Aug 22 (The Conversation) – Authorities worldwide are raising alarms about “sloth fever,” a disease caused by the Oropouche virus, mainly spread by mosquitoes and biting midges. Despite its name, it has no connection with sloths.

The virus was first identified in Trinidad and Tobago in 1955 and is responsible for flu-like symptoms such as fever, severe headache, and muscle aches. Unlike other mosquito-borne diseases such as Zika, the Oropouche virus, an orthobunyavirus, is from a different family of viruses and can cause serious symptoms including encephalitis.

Recent outbreaks in Brazil led to deaths, miscarriages, and cases of newborn microcephaly, raising comparisons with the Zika virus outbreak in 2015-16. With rising cases reported across South America and instances of infected travelers returning to Europe and North America, authorities are increasingly concerned. However, the risk remains low for Australia as the biting midges that spread the virus are not present there. Travelers are advised to take precautions such as using mosquito repellents and wearing protective clothing.