Russian cybercrime operation being dismantled after two decades, US officials and CrowdStrike say

A two-decade-old Russian hacking operation dubbed "Sality" is being dismantled, U.S. law enforcement officials and cybersecurity company CrowdStrike announced on Tuesday.

U.S. officials said they had seized the web domains hackers used ‌to take over computers to send spam, carry out distributed denial-of-service operations or steal cryptocurrency, while CrowdStrike said it had cut off a network of compromised computers from the mastermind controlling it. CrowdStrike began dismantling the "botnet" on Monday in front of a live audience at the company’s Day Zero threat intelligence ‌summit in Las Vegas.

The FBI and U.S. Justice Department said in a pair of statements issued on Tuesday that the operation ‌had been carried out in coordination with European law enforcement and other organizations. "Cybercriminals, botnets, and malware are a clear and present danger to our nation’s security and economy,” First Assistant United States Attorney Bill Essayli said in a statement announcing the move.

Although it has in recent years been overshadowed by more disruptive ransom-seeking cybercriminals, Sality, first spotted in 2003, ⁠remains one ​of the internet’s longest-running cybercriminal enterprises. The ⁠Justice Department said it was based out of Russia but did not provide further detail. The Russian Embassy in Washington did not immediately respond to a request for ⁠comment.

Sality's peer-to-peer architecture meant it could receive commands through a diffuse network of compromised machines, making it particularly resistant to law enforcement action. But CrowdStrike said in ​a blog post published on Tuesday that it turned that strength against Sality by seeding the network with bogus information that tricked ⁠the botnet's components into cutting themselves off from their creator.

CrowdStrike researcher Tillmann Werner said that reverse-engineering the botnet's structure, finding weak points and building the infrastructure needed to knock ⁠it ​down had required painstaking work. "This was the most complex botnet takeover we have ever done," Werner told Reuters. "This was built to be resilient. It was built to survive takedown or takeover. I think that's the reason it's been around for so long."

David Watson, director of nonprofit ⁠security group The Shadowserver Foundation, which was also involved in the takedown, said Sality was "quite old-school" but could still be dangerous. “It's still a vector ⁠into a lot of organizations,” ⁠Watson said.

He said the next step would be to see what, if anything, Sality's creator, who has yet to be publicly identified, did to regain control of or re-create the botnet. “What does he do?” Watson ‌said. “Does he fight back?”