UPDATE 1-Iran says it captures exiled journalist who supported 2018 unrest

Agents of Iran's Revolutionary Guards have captured and returned to Iran an exiled journalist who allegedly fuelled anti-government street unrest across the country early last year using social media, Iranian state television reported on Monday.

Ruhollah Zam, a journalist-turned-activist who headed Amadnews with more 1 million followers on social media, was based in France and other parts of Europe. Zam's capture was a "complex operation using intelligence deception", the Revolutionary Guards Corps (IRGC) said in a statement carried by the television.

It did not say where the operation took place but appeared to suggest he was detained in Iran, saying he was held after being "guided into the country". "Despite being under the guidance of the French intelligence service and under the protection of the U.S. and Zionist (Israeli) intelligence services, ... he (Zam) was trapped by the Revolutionary Guards intelligence service," the statement said.

Amadnews was suspended by the messaging app Telegram last year after Iran accused it of carrying calls for violence during protests that started in late 2017 and continued across the country. But the channel soon reappeared under a new name. Iran's authorities accused the country's foes of fomenting the unrest, which began as protests about economic hardship and corruption but turned into political rallies.

Officials said 21 people were killed during the unrest, the boldest challenge to Iran's leadership since 2009. The statement added that his arrest was a victory of the Guard's intelligence forces over Western intelligence.

Zam's Telegram channel was apparently hacked and a message of his arrest went to its subscribers. Iran's clerical rulers have a contradictory attitude towards the internet. Access to sites like Twitter, Facebook, and Youtube is blocked for ordinary Iranians, who evade the heavy filtering by using virtual private networks (VPN).

But Iranian officials, including Supreme Leader Ayatollah Ali Khameneik, are active social media users of Twitter, posting tweets almost every day in English, Farsi, and Arabic.