UPDATE 1-U.S. Supreme Court strikes down stiff firearms penalties

Conservative Justice Neil Gorsuch sided with the U.S. Supreme Court's four liberal members on Monday in striking down as unconstitutionally vague a law imposing stiff criminal sentences for people convicted of certain crimes involving firearms.

In the 5-4 ruling, with Gorsuch's fellow conservatives in dissent, the court ruled against President Donald Trump's administration in declaring that the federal law in question was written too vaguely and thus violated the U.S. Constitution's guarantee of due process. Trump's two appointees to the court, Gorsuch and Brett Kavanaugh, disagreed in the decision. The court invalidated the firearms convictions of two men prosecuted in Texas on a variety of charges for their roles in a series of 2014 gas station robberies in Texas. Although the robbers were armed, no shots were fired.

Gorsuch, appointed by Trump in 2017, wrote that laws passed by Congress must give ordinary people notice of what kind of conduct can land them in prison. "In our constitutional order, a vague law is no law at all," Gorsuch added.

Justice Brett Kavanaugh, appointed by Trump in 2018, wrote a dissenting opinion expressing surprise at the court overturning a law in use for decades. The law's most recent version was passed by Congress in 1986. "The court's decision today will make it harder to prosecute violent gun crimes in the future," Kavanaugh wrote.

Kavanaugh said there was evidence that steep prison sentences have been a contributing factor in a decline in U.S. violent crime. Gorsuch said Congress could pass a more specific law to address the issue, but added that "no matter how tempting, this court is not in the business of writing new statutes to right every social wrong it may perceive."

It represented the third ruling in the court's current term in which Gorsuch has joined the court's liberals in a 5-4 decision. The court sided with defendants Maurice Davis and Andre Glover, who were convicted of multiple robbery counts, one count of conspiracy to commit robbery and two counts each of brandishing a shotgun during a crime of violence.

Davis was originally sentenced to 41 years in prison. Glover faced a 50-year sentence. Both likely will now get shorter sentences. The decision does not affect their other convictions. Monday's ruling was similar to another 5-4 ruling a year ago in which Gorsuch also joined the liberals in the majority. The court ruled that a law requiring the deportation of immigrants convicted of certain crimes of violence also was unconstitutionally vague.

Gorsuch is ideologically aligned with the late conservative Justice Antonin Scalia, whom he replaced on the court in 2017. Scalia wrote a 2015 ruling that Gorsuch invoked in Monday's decision that found that a similar provision in a federal criminal sentencing law also was overly broad. Trump's Justice Department appealed the case to the Supreme Court after the New Orleans-based 5th U.S. Circuit Court of Appeals last year threw out one of each of the two defendants' firearm-related offences.

The case did not involve the right to bear arms under the U.S. Constitution's Second Amendment, which the Supreme Court's conservative justices tend to interpret broadly.